Traditionally, a shade guide, which is a range of shade tabs, was used by the dentist to determine the required shade of material to be employed by matching the shade of the natural tooth to the...

Most undergraduate curricula teach tooth anatomy as a compulsory component of pre-clinical training..

Specialised carving wax is recommended, and is available in a range of colours (Yeti IQ wax; Bracon Dental Laboratory Products, East Sussex, UK). The green version provides clear definition of carved...

Developmental enamel hypoplasia and traumatic dental injuries can manifest as white, yellow, or even brown discolourations on teeth. Hypoplasia is characterised by reduced enamel thickness, pits,...

Visible light is electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths in the range of 400–700 nm. If light is transmitted through an optical prism, the light is refracted, varying with the wavelength of the...